Six ways to end the opioids crisis

Presidential candidate Hillary Clinton only recently announced her bid for office in 2016, she has already declared a few important issues on her presidential agenda, including the ever-important opioid crisis in the United States. In order to work toward a safer world that is free of opioid abuse, here are six steps we can take.

1. Redefine the problem. Many people who suffer from chronic pain rely on opioids to live a semblance of a normal life. There may be no alternative treatments for them. We should view the prescription opioid problem, instead, as the chronic pain problem. Many are chiming in to offer their best solutions to curbing the opioid abuse epidemic; sadly, many of the proposed solutions fail to promote and fund safer alternative therapies for people suffering from chronic pain who rely on opioids to live a semblance of a normal life.

2. Find a plan B. More than 100 million people in the United States suffer from chronic pain, meaning a third of the entire country may rely on some form of medication to make their lives better. Pain ranges in severity, with many suffering from severe pain that makes it difficult to live a normal life. While no medical professional advocates that opioids should be the first line of defense, in some cases, they happen to be the only thing that works for a patient. Trying to end opioid abuse without addressing the needs of those who rely on the drug may make the problem of chronic pain worse. We need to come up with a Plan B.

3. Fund alternatives. In 2007, Americans spent $34 billion in out of pocket expenses to cover the cost of alternative forms chronic pain treatment. To be clear, opioids are not the only means of treating chronic pain. Alternative therapies exist, but are woefully underfunded by payers. As a result, many patients with severe chronic pain, those who struggle to get out of bed, who sometimes lose their jobs, must rely only on what their insurance covers – in most cases, that form of treatment is opioids. The chronic pain community needs access to safer alternative therapies. We need to invest in research to bring even more alternative therapies to the market, and crucially, insurance companies must then cover those alternative forms of care.

4. Stop the stigma. Despite the lack of options for alternative therapies for chronic pain, the topic of opioid abuse has become a popular topic in the media, and sadly, caused an increase in stigmatization of patients who use opioids for pain management. Patients have reported reluctant doctors and pharmacists unwilling to prescribe necessary medications. The DEA has rescheduled hydrocodone as a Schedule II drug, leading to a series of unintended consequences with which patients today are left to suffer. Many patients report feeling like drug addicts for simply trying to fill their legally obtained prescriptions. We must stop stigmatizing patients who currently rely on opioids.

5. Require all opioids to be abuse-deterrent. Abuse deterrent formulations (ADF) have been shown to curb some forms of opioid abuse, while maintaining the benefits for patients that need the drug. Unfortunately, these safer formulations cost too much for practical use. The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) should lead the way and negotiate deals with manufacturers to make ADFs no more expensive than generic alternatives to the patients.

6. Remove methadone as a “preferred” drug. While the use of methadone as an analgesic for chronic pain has expanded in recent years, it shows up in mortality reports with a higher frequency than other opioids. Despite the evident risk associated with this drug, many states have listed it as a “preferred” analgesic in treating severe chronic pain, largely due to its low cost and savings for publicly funded health plans. The American Academy of Pain Medicine holds that methadone should not be a preferred drug unless special education is provided to patients, and that it should never be the first choice in treating chronic pain.

The opioid crisis is not a black and white issue. Until we stop treating it as such, we will not be able to tackle the problem at its root. Eliminating opioids does not alleviate the problem, end patient suffering or acknowledge what the true issue is. Millions of Americans suffer from chronic pain, but very few have access to multiple options to manage their pain.

Through an increase in funding and research of alternative therapies, implementation of ADFs and greater coverage by payers, we can finally begin to treat the opioid epidemic in a safe and responsible way – a way that does not hurt the millions of Americans who rely on opioids to get out of bed, to play with their children, to get through the day.

Dr. Lynn R. Webster, MD, is the immediate past president of the American Academy of Pain Medicine, vice president of Scientific Affairs at PRA Health Sciences, and author of a forthcoming book, The Painful Truth, and producer of a PBS TV documentary by the same name. Visit him online at http://www.thepainfultruthbook.com.